Forklift Forks / Blades / Tines

What are they called again?

Forklift Forks are one of those common components of industry that for some reason manages to allude us in establishment of common vocabulary. Referred to in different circles as forks, forklift tines , forklift blades , forklift teeth, etc. they are essentially the load bearing components on the front of standard configuration forklifts. Not only can we in the industry not come to a singular mind on what to call Forklift Forks, outside of the ITA/FEM Standard for Hook Type Forks (sometimes called Pin Type Forks) we have yet to see a standardization of design in how to affix the forks to the front of a Forklift and any number of other dimensions of the ever-so-simple, yet ever-so-complex forklift fork.

ITA / FEM Class Forks

Hook-ITA fork classes are the same world -wide under ISO standards. The standard FEM hook style fork arms come in two types, “A’ & “B”. The difference in the types reflect differences in the ground-to-carriage distance when the mast id fully lowered. Type “A” is primarily used for indoor and many outdoor trucks. Type “B” is primarily intended for outdoor trucks. However, the applications can be interchangeable. Type “B” forks can replace type “A” forks, but not vice-versa because the type “A” would not reach the ground.

In North America, classes are designated by Roman numerals. The rest of the world uses Arabic numbers.

Hook Fork Classes

Class I is forklifts up to 1,999 LB at 24” load center
Class II is forklifts rated 2,000 LB through 5,500 LB @ 24” load center
Class III is forklifts rated 6,000 LB to 10,000 LB @ 24” load center
Class IV is forklifts rated 10,000 LB to 17,500 LB @ 24” load center
Class V is forklifts rated from 17,500 LB to 24,000 LB at 24” load center

Can't tell what you have? Measure the Carriage Bars! ( Top of top to Bottom of bottom)

Class I: 13”
Class II: 16”
Class III: 20”
Class IV: 25”
Class V: 28.67”

Under-Clearance by Type

Class I a 3” Class I b 4.5”
Class II a 3” Class II b 6”
Class III a 3” Class III b 8”
Class IV a 5” Class IV b 10”
Class V a 5” Class V b 10.12”

*Rough terrain trucks will possibly have higher under-clearance, but not always.

ITA / FEM Class Forks

Pin type forks have no standard shape or size. They vary from OEM to OEM and by trucks within a brand. Because of this we ask many questions of customers. We use 2 drawings to gain dimensional data needed to make the forks to fit. These tell us where the fork tubes are located. The most important dimension is the location of the tube center in relation to the rear face of the fork shank. This dimension tells us the “offset” or “inset” of the tube, or whether it is “in-line.”

In relation to the rear face of the fork shank, offset means the tube center is located toward the driver. Inset means the tube center is located toward the load. In line means the center is directly above the rear face.

Block or Brick Forks

Block Forks are narrow forks, usually used in multiples, that enter the openings of concrete blocks that are turned on their sides. A layer of these blocks is used as the actual load carrying pallet in unit loads of blocks.

Lumber and Plywood Forks

Lumber Forks or Full-Tapered Forks or Full-Taper and Polished Forks are made with a typical maximum thickness of 1.5 inches and in various widths, depending on the load weight. They are all made as full bottom taper forks, meaning the taper runs from the tip , back to approx. 2 inches from the bend. The top of the blade is polished, unpainted, for ease of entry and exit. Tips are thin with a top chamfer for chiseling between plywood sheets and the tips are squared off, not rounded, to assist the chiseling effort. When these forks become very wide, they can block the driver’s visibility. Therefore, a “peek-a-boo” fork is used. This fork has a shank that is thicker than the blade. At a certain distance above ground level the shank narrows to allow the driver better visibility.

ITA Class II & III Folding Forks

Folding Forks fold up against the shank. They are used to shorten the overall length of a forklift. Uses could be in space restricted areas like elevators, or on forklifts that are transported on the platforms built onto the rear of flatbed trailers. Minimum thickness of these forks is 2 inches and they are mostly in class II or III hook configurations.

Coil Forks

Coil Forks are used to handle steel or other coiled materials. These forks made with the top corners of the blades chamfered or radiused to prevent scoring or denting of the inner layers. When both forks are used together in the core, only the top outer corners need this shape. If each fork is used to handle one coil each, then both top corners of the fork are chamfered.

Kiss Forks

Kiss Forks are used to handle coils and are made with a bend in the lower shank. The bend shapes the fork shank so that even though the shanks are separated, they offset toward each other so that the blades “kiss” each other. The forks are then used in the core of the coil. The reason for this offset is that the center vertical support bar of the pin type carriage on which they are used does not allow the forks to touch. The standard width from outside to outside of the forks when fully closed down may be too wide for the core.

Gypsum Forks

Gypsum Forks are forks having a tall shank that extends very high above the top hook. To this shank, a synthetic covering, usually replaceable, is added

Tire Forks

Tire Forks are forks having a full length bevel along the inner face of the fork. This bevel is used to allow the forks to slide under the tread of a tire or stack of tires for damage prevention and stability during handling. Tire forks have a blunt tip and no bottom taper.

Spark Retardant Forks

Spark retardant forks are used in hazardous operations where spark-proof forklifts are used or where sparks may caused combustion/explosion. These forks are brass coated both on the blade and the face and sides of the shank. The brass is usually 1/8” thick and perhaps a little thicker on the bottom for wear resistance. The brass cladding is a weldment made to fit tightly onto the fork. It is not removable. Stainless steel cladding can be used for applications where sanitary requirements are prevalent: Pharmaceutical, Beverage, food processing, where the fork is exposed to the product in the manufacturing process.

Drum Forks

Drum forks are forks having the inside of the blade radiused to match the wall of a standard steel 55 gallon drum. This design is used on fork positioners and pallet fork clamps. These cut-out forks can be configured as one cut-out on each fork to handle single drums or two drums side by side, or two cut-outs per fork to handle two drums or four drums. The thickness of these forks should be increased due to a loss of capacity caused by the radius cuts.

ITA Class II, III, & IV Forks

The industry standard in Forklift Forks. ITA Forks cross the boundaries of make and manufacturer as one of the few standardized components in the Forklift Industry. The most common sizes being Class II, III, & IV with Class I and Class V being rarities.

ITA Folding Forks Class II & III

ITA Class II & III Folding Forks collapse up against the carriage to shorten the overall length of the truck. Very Useful in tight quarters!

Full Taper and Polished Forks

Often called Plywood Forks or Lumber Forks, FTP Forks are obviously designed for those applications. Easily split bundles and stacks of sheet materials and dimensional lumber. The chisel tip, polished top, and full bottom taper eliminate damage to wood products.

Pin-Type Forks

Typically found on 15,000lb and greater capacity trucks, Pin Type Forks are retained by a large "Bar" or "Pin" that the forks slide on. There is no standard on pin size or position, so pin types forks are made to order (1-2 weeks). Often Pin-Type Forks will be equipped with positioner anchors and/or lower hooks, be sure to specify.

Cargo / Roller Forks

Since these actually fit over your existing forks, technically they are considered sleeves or extensions, but are most commonly referred to as forks. Used mainly in military and airline / cargo operations, these forks make loading / unloading cargo containers onto and from roller decks quick and easy. Built to order to match load and forklift.

Block / Brick Forks

Typically found in ITA Classes II & III, block forks can also be found in pin-type configurations. Width and Thickness are most commonly 2" x 2" in order to easily fit through the holes in common masonry products. Block forks are usually paired with a block handling carriage with as few as 4, but as many as 12 forks depending on the application. Tip alignment is critical to reduce damage to the fragile brick / blocks.

Inverted Forks

Like regular forks, only upside down! Inverted forks are a real thing and quite useful in a number of applications. As an example, Inverted forks make handling super-tote bags super easy. By moving the fork blade to the top of the carriage, the driver maintains a clear line of sight to position his forks through the lifting loops without having to duck around the carriage infrastructure.

KISS Forks

Typically built for Pin-Type Carriages, Kiss Forks have a built-in offset that allows the fork blades to touch or "Kiss" in the middle.. Since Pin-Type Carriages usually have a center support for the pin, a normal fork wouldn't allow this. KISS forks are often used for handling coils or other materials / packages that require the full capacity of the truck, but have limited fork pocket width.

Boat Forks / Marina Forks

Boat forks are for (you guessed it) moving boats! Marina's, boat yards, and boat manufacturers require specialized forks to handle boats without damage. Typically very long (12-20'), boat forks are covered or padded to stop damage to the hull.

Fork-Co Leads the Pack

With our industry best lead times (4-5 weeks on complex builds), full in-house engineering and design team, on-site manufacturing and fabrication facility just south of Houston, TX, and very large standard product inventory, Fork-Co is the right choice for your project. We stand behind our products 100%, either it accomplishes your goals, or we aren't done.